# Amylin > The pancreas’s second satiety hormone — co-secreted with insulin from the beta cell; its stabilized analog pramlintide treats diabetes, and the class now drives a new wave of obesity drugs. - Also known as: IAPP, Islet amyloid polypeptide, Pramlintide (analog), Symlin - Class: Peptide Hormones, Metabolic - FDA approved: No - Canonical page: https://americanpeptide.com/catalog/amylin ## Overview Amylin is a 37-amino-acid hormone released alongside insulin from the pancreatic beta cells, where it slows gastric emptying, suppresses glucagon, and promotes satiety — complementing insulin’s glucose-lowering action. Native human amylin is sticky and aggregation-prone (it forms the islet amyloid seen in type 2 diabetes), so the therapeutic is the soluble analog pramlintide (Symlin); the longer-acting analog cagrilintide, profiled separately in this catalog, has pushed the class to the front of obesity drug development. Insulin is famous; the hormone the beta cell co-secretes with it is not. Amylin (islet amyloid polypeptide) is released in the same secretory granules and handles the parts of glucose control insulin does not: it puts a brake on gastric emptying so nutrients arrive more slowly, it suppresses the inappropriate glucagon that drives post-meal sugar spikes, and it signals fullness to the brain. In effect amylin and insulin are a co-secreted pair, much as glucagon is insulin’s counter-hormone. The molecule has a notorious second identity. Human amylin is amyloidogenic — it misfolds and aggregates into the islet amyloid deposits found in type 2 diabetes, which is both a manufacturing headache and a disease-relevant feature. That stickiness is why the native hormone cannot simply be bottled: pramlintide swaps three residues (prolines that block aggregation) to create a stable, soluble analog usable as an injectable adjunct to insulin in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The forward-looking story is obesity. Because amylin signaling curbs appetite through a pathway distinct from the incretins, long-acting amylin analogs — led by cagrilintide — are being combined with GLP-1 drugs (e.g. cagrilintide plus semaglutide) and are posting some of the largest weight-loss figures in current trials. Amylin is a hormone that spent decades as insulin’s overlooked partner and is now a primary target in its own right. ## Mechanism Agonist at the amylin receptor (a calcitonin-receptor core complexed with receptor-activity-modifying proteins, RAMPs). It slows gastric emptying, suppresses postprandial glucagon, and acts centrally to reduce food intake. ## Chemistry | Property | Value | | --- | --- | | Molecular weight | 3903.3 Da | | CAS number | 122384-88-7 | ## Sequence ``` KCNTATCATQRLANFLVHSSNNFGAILSSTNVGSNTY (2–7 disulfide, C-terminal amide; human) ``` ## Research areas Studied in: Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, Obesity, Satiety signaling, Peptide hormones. Guides on this site: - [Weight Loss & Metabolic Health](https://americanpeptide.com/research-areas/weight-loss): Incretin and metabolic peptides studied for glycemic control and fat loss. - [Peptide Hormone Synthesis](https://americanpeptide.com/research-areas/peptide-hormones): How hormone sequences are turned into pure, stable, manufacturable synthetic drugs. ## Key research - Diabetes adjunct — pramlintide, the stabilized analog, is used with mealtime insulin in type 1 and type 2 diabetes to blunt post-meal glucose and aid weight control. - Obesity — long-acting analogs (cagrilintide) combined with GLP-1 agonists are among the most effective weight-loss combinations in development. - Satiety and gastric emptying — slows stomach emptying and suppresses glucagon, complementing insulin rather than duplicating it. - Islet amyloid — native human amylin aggregates into the amyloid deposits characteristic of type 2 diabetes, the reason a substituted analog is required. - Receptor biology — signals through calcitonin-receptor/RAMP complexes, linking it mechanistically to the calcitonin family. ## Storage, handling & synthesis **Synthesis.** A 37-residue, 2–7-disulfide, C-terminal-amide peptide and one of the hardest sequences in this class to make: native human amylin is intrinsically amyloidogenic, so it aggregates on the resin and in solution. The therapeutic pramlintide is the design answer — three proline substitutions (Ala25, Ser28, Ser29 → Pro) that break the β-sheet stacking, simultaneously making the peptide synthesizable, soluble, and shelf-stable. It is the catalog’s clearest example of engineering *against* aggregation to obtain a manufacturable peptide; the longer-acting analog cagrilintide (profiled separately) extends the same logic. ## FAQs ### What is amylin? A hormone co-secreted with insulin from the pancreatic beta cells that slows gastric emptying, suppresses glucagon, and promotes satiety — handling parts of glucose control that insulin does not. ### What is pramlintide? Pramlintide (Symlin) is a synthetic amylin analog with three amino-acid substitutions that prevent the aggregation seen with native human amylin, making it stable enough to use as an injectable add-on to insulin. ### Why is amylin important for weight loss? Amylin curbs appetite through a pathway separate from the GLP-1 incretins, so long-acting amylin analogs such as cagrilintide — especially combined with GLP-1 drugs — produce large weight-loss effects in trials. ### Is this medical advice? No — this is a research and educational reference, not dosing guidance. ## Latest research Recent trials and publications mentioning Amylin, pulled automatically from ClinicalTrials.gov and PubMed (unfiltered search results, refreshed daily). ### Recent trials - [A Trial of Oral VRB-103 Alone or in Combination With Oral Ecnoglutide (VRB-101) in Participants With Obesity or Overweight](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07628127) — RECRUITING · PHASE1 · NCT07628127 - [Safety and Efficacy of ABBV-295 in Adults With Obesity or Overweight With Weight-Related Comorbidities](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07752979) — NOT_YET_RECRUITING · PHASE2 · NCT07752979 - [A Study of Eloralintide (LY3841136) in Participants With Persistent Obesity Who Are Treated With a Weekly Incretin](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07392190) — RECRUITING · PHASE3 · NCT07392190 - [A Study of PF-08653945 and PF-08653944 in Adults With Overweight or Obesity (SOLIS-1)](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07575932) — RECRUITING · PHASE2 · NCT07575932 - [Understanding the Paradoxical Rise in Blood Glucose in the Context of a Low-carbohydrate Diet](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07713316) — COMPLETED · NA · NCT07713316 - [A Study of Macupatide (LY3532226) and Eloralintide (LY3841136), Alone or in Combination, in Adults With Obesity or Overweight and With Type 2 Diabetes](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07215559) — RECRUITING · PHASE2 · NCT07215559 --- Source: AmericanPeptide.com — https://americanpeptide.com/catalog/amylin Data license: CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Attribution: AmericanPeptide.com. Research reference only — computational and educational content, not medical advice.